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Casement Report : ウィキペディア英語版
Casement Report

The Casement Report was a document of 1904 written by the British diplomat Roger Casement (1864–1916), detailing abuses in the Congo Free State which was under the private ownership of King Leopold II of Belgium. This report was instrumental in Leopold finally relinquishing his private holdings in Africa. Leopold had had ownership of the Congolese state since 1885, granted to him by the Berlin Conference, in which he exploited its natural resources (mostly rubber) for his own private wealth.
==Publicity 1895–1903==

For many years prior to the Casement Report there were reports from the Congo alleging widespread human rights abuses and exploitation of the native population. In 1895, the situation was reported to Dr Henry Grattan Guinness (1861–1915), a missionary. He established a mission and was promised action by King Leopold late in 1895, but nothing changed. H. R. Fox-Bourne of the Aborigines' Protection Society had published ''Civilisation in Congoland'' in 1903, and the journalist E. D. Morel also wrote several articles about the Leopoldian government's behaviour in the Congo Free State.
In 1903, two years after the death of King Leopold's cousin Queen Victoria, the British House of Commons passed a critical resolution on the Congo. Subsequently, the British consul at Boma in the Congo, the Irishman Roger Casement, was instructed to investigate. His report published in 1904, which confirmed Morel's accusations, had a considerable impact on public opinion.
Casement met and became friends with Morel just before the publication of his report in 1904 and realized that he had found the ally he had sought. Casement convinced Morel to establish an organization for dealing specifically with the Congo question. With Casement's assistance, he set up and ran the Congo Reform Association, which worked to end Leopold's control of the Congo Free State. Branches of the association were established as far away as the United States.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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